Application Reports

Aflatoxins are produced by various types of molds which can grow on foodstuffs such as pistachio nuts, peanuts,…

Before racking into containers most beer, particularly lager, is filtered to remove yeast and other solid matter in…

Ingredients such as propylene glycol alginate (PGA) may be added to beer to stabilise the foam head and to aid…

Lager beer is brewed using “bottom fermenting” yeast which sinks during fermentation. A storage period follows to…

Cream liqueurs are an emulsion of cream with an alcoholic spirit such as brandy, whisky, vodka, etc. which may be in…

Baby milk or infant formula is primarily used as a substitute for human milk. Other uses include “Follow-up” products…

Processed Cheese is a blend of cheese, water and other permitted additional ingredients (depending on legislation) such…

Flavoured milk drinks are available in many varieties. Viscosities range from that of whole milk, to “thick milkshake”…

Ice cream mixes are formulated from either whole milk, skim milk, cream or in some cases water, with a number of added…

Stabilizers and Emulsifiers make up only a small proportion of an ice cream mix (typically no more than 1%) but…

Margarine is a blend of around 80% vegetable oil or animal fat and 20% water with added salt, flavourings, colour and…

A mousse is typically a dessert which has set with a light foam-like consistency. This structure is obtained by the…

Sweetened condensed milk (SCM) is concentrated milk to which sugar has been added to act as a preservative. It differs…

Yogurts (and other cultured milk desserts) are produced by fermentation of milk by the addition of certain types of…

“Low Calorie,” “Sugar-free” or “Diet” soft drinks are formulated with artificial sweeteners such as Aspartame,…

Clouding agents are used in soft drink manufacture to give a more natural appearance to products with a low juice…

Ingredients such as gums, starches, alginates, etc., are found in many soft drinks including fruit juices, concentrated…

The sugar content of carbonated and still soft drinks varies considerably according to whether the product is to be…

Confectionery may require reclamation or reworking for a number of reasons, for example when high speed production…

Edible oils obtained from coconut, corn, cottonseed, olive, palm, peanut, soybean, sunflower, etc., contain gums and…

Flavour Emulsions are used in a wide range of foods, carbonated soft drinks and dairy products.

Pectin is a polysaccharide obtained from a variety of fruits. It is used as a thickening and gelling agent in a wide…

Xanthan gum (E415) is widely used for its thickening and stabilizing effect on emulsions and suspensions, especially in…

Batter mixes are widely used as a coating for deep-fried foods and in many other products including cakes, doughnuts,…

The installation of a Silverson In-Line mixer has solved production problems for a major food processor. They…

A number of functional ingredients are added to meat to act as preservatives, flavoring, coloring, etc. These are…

Most tinned dog and cat food is based on a slurry of meat or meat derivatives and cereals. Some products also contain…

Mayonnaise is an oil-in-water emulsion which can contain up to 80% oil. Some typical recipes would be as follows...

Mustards are made in a variety of forms, with various flavors and textures. They can however be divided into two basic…

There are many products which could be described as salad dressings, including many sauces. There are further…

Tomato sauces are used in many products including frozen foods, pasta sauces and pizza toppings, etc. A typical tomato…

Starch is used as a thickening, stabilising and binding agent in many foods, including soups, sauces, gravies and baked…

A smoothie is made by blending raw fruits or vegetables with water, fruit juice or milk. It may also contain other…

Pesticides can be categorized into several groups - Fungicide, Herbicide, Insecticide, etc. There are many different…

There is considerable growth in the use of vegetable oils such as palm, rape seed, soybean, sunflower, etc. as an…

Drilling fluids (or drilling muds) have several functions, including carrying bore cuttings to the surface, cooling and…

Luboils, in common with most fluids, experience reduced viscosity at high operating temperatures. This results in a…

Inks for bar coding, batch numbering, use-by date marking and other identification purposes are used in many industries…

The solid material obtained from filtration or centrifugation of a suspension is called filter cake. This usually…

A textile manufacturer was faced with a dramatic increase in demand for one of their most popular products which…

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is chemically inert and has exceptional opacity and whiteness. These properties have led to its…

Paper coatings impart a variety of properties, both decorative (whiteness, opacity, etc.) and functional (smoothness,…

Bentonite is a naturally occurring aluminum silicate clay which can take up several times its own weight of water to…

Fumed Silica (also called colloidal silica) is a fluffy white powder with an extremely low density, marketed under…

Xanthan gum is widely used for its thickening and stabilising effect on emulsions and suspension, particularly in the…

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA, sometimes referred to as PVOH) is a water soluble polymer used widely in adhesives, paints,…

Polishes used for floors, furniture and shoes can be supplied in solid form. These are an emulsion of water with waxes…

Automotive polishes are traditionally solvent based emulsions consisting of petroleum distillates, waxes and…

Carbopol^® is a water soluble vinyl polymer, used as an emulsifying, stabilizing, suspending, thickening and gelling…

A deodorant stops odour by killing skin bacteria with biocides and masking odour through fragrance. An antiperspirant…

Cosmetic creams and lotions are used for a variety of purposes such as cleansing and moisturizing. The ingredients of…

The formulation of suntan creams is a complex science. Due to increased demand for higher sun protection factors (SPF),…

Surfactants such as Sodium Laureth Sulphate (SLES) are widely used in shampoo, bubble bath, liquid detergent and other…

Lipsticks consist of a pigment dispersed into a mixture of oils and waxes. The range of pigments and other raw…

Nail varnish (also called nail polish or enamel) is a lacquer consisting of ingredients as illustrated in the table…

Shampoos are a mixture of surfactants, conditioning agents, and many other ingredients in an aqueous base. In addition…

Toothpastes are generally either white abrasive pastes or clear gels. Although the formulations differ, they are made…

Pharmaceutical preparations for treatment of conditions such as rashes, skin irritation, stings, fungal infections,…

Contact lens solutions include different products which perform a range of functions including cleaning, disinfecting,…

Traditional cough mixtures are formulated around a syrup at 60-75% concentration which is made from sucrose,…

To respond to legislative and customer requirements, the pharmaceutical industry is having to demand ever increasing…

Pharmaceutical tablets are given a coating for a number of reasons:

• To improve the appearance and aid…